Projek Dialog

An Expression Away from Home

The question of the conditions of migrant workers in Malaysia is often raised, but the state in which they live as a part of the local workforce continues to be unresolved, if addressed at all. On April 15th 2017, a forum titled “Expression Away from Home” was held at Ilham Gallery as a joint initiative between Ilham Conversations, North-South Initiative, and Projek Dialog, in order to stir conversations regarding migrant workers and creative expression. The forum featured Nasrikah Sarah from Indonesia and Dil Masrangi Magar from Nepal, and was moderated by Projek Dialog’s Victoria Cheng. The forum introduced Nasrikah and Dil’s experiences as migrants, where they discussed their lives both before and after moving to Malaysia, with a heavy focus on their aspirations and respective forms of artistic expression. The common theme shared by both Nasrikah and Dil at the beginning of the forum was how they pushed aside their personal aspirations in order to support their family by moving to Malaysia to work. For Nasrikah, her studies in school and hopes of becoming a lecturer were halted when she moved to Malaysia at the age of seventeen to work as a domestic worker. At that time, she had just graduated from high school, with no experience of the work a domestic worker was expected to do. She described the intense and uncomfortable experience of the move, and how the conditions not only prohibited her from achieving her own dreams, but also deprived her of a decent standard of living. “In one house, there would be more than 100 people,” Nasrikah explained, “but we wouldn’t do anything because we needed a job…we were afraid”. Most of her money was sent back to her family in Indonesia, but it was clear that the most taxing part about her move was her inability to pursue her aspirations. She described her hope for freedom and better jobs, and how she was met with the unfair treatment she encountered due to her race and language. Similarly, Dil discussed his initial move in 2003 to the Malaysian workforce as difficult due to the poor treatment of migrant workers. For migrant workers, there is not a line of contact between themselves and employers, meaning they are not given an outlet to voice out their opinions and concerns regarding their welfare. The unfairness and unreasonable salaries have evidently been problematic for people like Dil, who explained how his first job here was in a sewing factory and he had no prior experience in the field. For his first month, he was given training, but not a salary. He received a salary the next month, but it was only RM72, which was barely enough to sustain himself, let alone send back to his family in Nepal. Like Nasrikah, Dil also had his own aspirations before moving, but his was to be a singer. After the discussions on Dil and Nasrikah’s lives, the forum directed towards their use of art as their voice. Dil made it clear that there is a lack of migrant voices within the local scene, especially in regards with finding platforms to express themselves artistically. This significantly impacts how they are able to pursue their ambitions; long work hours combined with restricted access to such platforms deprives them of a chance to showcase their talents. Nasrikah read her poem titled Jerit Pekerja Rumah Tangga, or “Screams of a Domestic Worker”, which she dedicated to all workers who are not given the rights they deserve. It entailed descriptions of what domestic workers go through, and how their well being and emotions are often overlooked. The xenophobia that such workers encounter has greatly set back their progress and even emotional states. Dil provided a contrast by singing the “Nepali Song”, which had spiritual, nationalistic, as well as motivational messages within the lyrics. The deep connection that Dil described in his song was due to his cultural roots, as well as the hardships he pushes through in his working life. Both Dil and Nasrikah work to empower other workers to express their art forms, but the lack of representation is a clear hurdle. However, they both expressed hope when the discussion dived into the question of art’s importance. Due to its subjective nature, it was in agreement between both panelists as well as Victoria that art is a method which can be used to counter the xenophobia previously mentioned, as well as spread ideas. It is through such methods that ambitions of migrant workers have an outlet to be fulfilled, and progressive steps to rid our society of discrimination and lack of workers’ welfare can be attained.   Conclusively, the forum was an eye-opener and gave insight about not only the mistreatment of migrant workers here in Malaysia, but also showcased two extremely talented workers who are advocating for their community’s voices to be heard. Even though there are a scarce number of outlets for them to express themselves, forums such as these provide an opportunity for a greater audience to hear what they have to say, and more importantly, spread the message. The conversation about the perspectives of two different workers with a common aspiration was one that sparked exchanges of experiences and opinions, but in the end contributed to greater focus on the issue surrounding migrants in Malaysia. *Note: Nasrikah Sarah has actually written a blog post about her experience being a panelist on this forum. Please click this link to read about her experience in the Indonesian language: https://buruhmigran.or.id/2017/04/17/project-dialog-berikan-wadah-pekerja-migran-di-malaysia-untuk-berkesenian/]]>

Reviu – Kapitalisme dan Aktivisme: Kontradiksi ataupun Tolak Ansur?

Sesi pertama bermula dengan definisi mengenai kapitalisme itu sendiri menurut setiap panelis. Saudara Azrul menyatakan bahawa kapitalisme menyediakan ruang bagi setiap individu untuk bekerja keras dan menerima balasan gaji ataupun wang yang setimpal mengikut keupayaan mereka manakala saudara Yuva pula memberi definisi bahawa kapitalisme merupakan sistem ekonomi yang mempergunakan pekerja di dalam proses pengeluaran bagi mengaut keuntungan yang maksimum bagi si pemodal. Kemudian Victoria Cheng, selaku moderator bagi forum ini mengajukan soalan yang spesifik iaitu program pekerja pekak yang dijalankan oleh syarikat Starbucks, bukankah ini merupakan salah satu inisiatif untuk meningkatkan kesedaran terhadap orang awam? Bukankah ini salah satu inisiatif yang perlu diambil contoh dan diambil kira, menunjukkan bahawa syarikat besar mampu mengambil kira keadilan sosial sebagai salah satu pendekatan yang mampu memberi impak? Saudari Michelle bersetuju dengan inisiatif seperti ini, dirasakannya bahawa pendekatan ini penting bagi meningkatkan kesedaran pihak awam. Walaubagaimanapun, dia menekankan bahawa program ataupun tanggungjawab sosial korporat seperti ini tidak sepatutnya digerakkan berdasarkan prospek keuntungan, tetapi sebaliknya berteraskan keperluan manusia secara umum. Kemudian saudari Syerleena Rashid berpendapat, dengan keuntungan maksimum yang dikaut oleh syarikat korporat, sudah tiba masanya pihak awam memberi tekanan dan berorganisasi, meminta mereka untuk turut menyumbang sebahagian besar daripada keuntungan tersebut kepada masyarakat sebagai suatu tanggungjawab asas. Dia menjelaskan lagi, momentum untuk meningkatkan kesedaran itu perlu dijalankan secara konsisten; kita perlu menggunakannya untuk kelebihan kita, agar setiap syarikat korporat akan melaksanakannya sehingga memberi impak yang positif kepada masyarakat. Panelis yang ketiga pula, saudara Azrul Khalib bersetuju bahawa contoh program Starbucks ini dapat dilihat sebagai penyediaan ruang kepada komuniti yang seringkali dipinggirkan dan ini dapat dilihat sebagai salah satu usaha bagi memperkasakan mereka. Kemudian tiba giliran saudara Yuva Balan dari Sosialis Alternatif yang menerangkan bahawa para kapitalis seringkali menggunakan ruang pasar sebagai justifikasi kekuatan dan relevannya sistem ekonomi kapitalisme. Malah kritikan yang jelas terhadap sistem tersebut berlangsung di bahagian pengeluaran, di mana proses mengaut keuntungan dijanakan melalui eksploitasi para pekerja melalui pelbagai cara. Di dalam kes Starbucks, masih terdapat pelbagai bentuk eksploitasi berlaku di ruang produksi, pengeluaran biji kopi bagi penggunaan mereka yang berbeza dengan program inisiatif yang berlangsung di bahagian servis dan penjualan. Moderator Victoria Cheng kemudiannya mengajukan persoalan mengenai kekuatan akar umbi di kalangan komuniti bagi meningkatkan kesedaran sesuatu isu. Ini dipersetujui oleh kesemua panelis dan dijelaskan oleh saudari Michelle di mana dia memberi contoh gerakan kesedaran mengenai ALS dan bagaimana gerakan akar umbi memainkan peranan untuk menyebarkan info dan kesedaran mengenai masalah ini. Para syarikat korporat yang mempunyai tanggungjawab sosial mereka, tidak perlu berdiri di barisan hadapan bagi mengedepankan sesuatu isu, sebaliknya ia perlu digerakkan oleh kesedaran komuniti yang berorganisasi, bersama ataupun tanpa sumbangan mana-mana syarikat korporat ataupun kapitalis. Ini dapat dilihat sebagai jaminan bahawa ianya isu ataupun perjuangan tidak akan diambil kesempatan oleh para kapitalis yang bergerak ke arah keuntungan semata-mata. Persoalan di atas berkait rapat dengan isu dana: apakah bentuk kedinamikan kuasa yang terbentuk jika syarikat korporat ataupun para kapitalis yang terlibat di dalam sesuatu isu? Ini juga dapat dikaitkan dengan beberapa parti politik ataupun NGO yang bergerak berdasarkan dana yang diberi oleh sesebuah institusi. Apakah integriti bisa dibela? Apakah perjuangan sebenar dapat dikawal sepenuhnya oleh pihak yang menerima dana itu sendiri? Persoalan ini dijawab oleh saudara Syarleeena dengan nada positif dengan menjelaskan bahawa dana bisa digunakan bagi kelebihan sesuatu parti ataupun mana-mana gerakan. Kerjasama pemberi dana dan juga mana-mana gerakan politik adalah sesuatu hal yang tidak boleh dielakkan tetapi perlu ditekankan bahawa sesuatu isu ataupun arah tuju bisa dikawal melalui aktiviti dialog dan perbincangan yang konsisten, baginya kerjasama ataupun pemberian dana tidak semestinya dilihat sebagai sesuatu hal yang negatif. Pada akhir sesi, forum berlangsung dengan perbincangan mengenai persoalan bagaimana kapitalisme dan aktivisme boleh bekerjasama. Ini disertai dengan pendapat daripada pelbagai pihak awam yang turut hadir sewaktu forum itu berlangsung. Bagi pihak Projek Dialog, persoalan seperti ini adalah sesuatu hal yang masih terus diperbincangkan. Adakah sesuatu isu itu bisa dibela secara telus jika sumber dana itu sendiri merupakan hal yang ditentang oleh pejuang itu sendiri? Apakah percanggahan yang jelas boleh difahami melaluinya? Walaubagaimanapun, kesemua panelis bersetuju mengenai suatu hal: iaitu kekuatan akar umbi dan komuniti dalam menentukan hala tuju sesuatu perjuangan dan penekanan agar ianya tidak diambil kesempatan oleh para syarikat korporat. Ada sahaja dikalangan panelis yang bersetuju bahawa masyarakat mempunyai kuasa untuk mengawal pasar dan juga bahagian produksi dengan tindakan memboikot sebagainya, dan ada juga yang tidak bersetuju dengan hal itu, di mana selama sistem kapitalisme berlangsung, eksploitasi masih wujud di bahagian produksi dan ini dibantu dengan aparatus kelas penguasa dan kerajaan yang masih aktif membela kepentingan para pemodal. Ini adalah polemik yang masih berterusan di kalangan para aktivis yang terdiri daripada paksi kiri ke kanan. Persoalan sama ada kapitalisme tidak bercanggah dengan perjuangan rakyat ataupun tidak. Dan para pejuang keadilan sosial dan rakyat secara umum perlu secara aktif membincangkannya, agar ianya tergerak ke arah perubahan impak yang jelas dan konkrit.        ]]>